Here you can see some lens effects. One is "ghosting" lens flare. These are the coloured round shapes in the picture. The other is "veiling" lens flare. This is the cause of the overall lightening of the image as if looking through a white veil. These are effects that lenses can exhibit if there is a strong light source (like the sun) in or near the edge of the picture. Better lenses exhibit these effects less and "user additions" (like uncoated filters) can worsen them.
Like "weeds", however, "defects" are a matter of perspective and of taste. Sometimes -- just like anything else seen in pictures but not seen with our naked eye -- they can be used to artistic effect.
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